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Food Xanthan Polysaccharide Sulfation Process with Sulfamic Acid
Aleksandr S Kazachenko1,2, Natalya Yu Vasilieva1,2, Valentina S Borovkova1,2
1Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science, Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodny 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2021
Summary
This study introduces a novel method for synthesizing sulfated xanthan using sulfamic acid and urea. The optimized process yields sulfated xanthan with enhanced properties, including anticoagulant activity.
Area of Science:
- Carbohydrate Chemistry
- Polymer Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Xanthan is a versatile polysaccharide with significant biological activities.
- Sulfated xanthan derivatives exhibit promising anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a new, efficient synthesis method for xanthan sulfates.
- To optimize the sulfation process using sulfamic acid and investigate activators.
- To characterize the physicochemical properties of the synthesized sulfated xanthan.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of xanthan sulfates using sulfamic acid with N-substituted ureas as activators.
- Optimization of the sulfation process using Box-Behnken Design (BBD).
- Characterization via FTIR, Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), and Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTG).
Main Results:
- Urea was identified as the most effective activator for the sulfation process.
- Optimal sulfation conditions determined: 3.5 mmol sulfating complex/g xanthan, 90 °C, 2.3 h, yielding 13.1 wt% sulfur content.
- FTIR confirmed sulfate group incorporation (1247 cm⁻¹).
- GPC showed reduced molecular weight (Mw ~612 kDa) and narrower distribution in sulfated xanthan.
- Thermal analysis revealed a two-stage decomposition pattern for sulfated xanthan.
Conclusions:
- A new, optimized method for synthesizing sulfated xanthan using sulfamic acid and urea was established.
- The synthesized sulfated xanthan exhibits altered physicochemical properties compared to native xanthan.
- The findings provide a foundation for developing novel sulfated xanthan derivatives with potential therapeutic applications.
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