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Evolution of Global Food Trade Patterns and Its Implications for Food Security Based on Complex Network Analysis
Jieyong Wang1,2, Chun Dai1,2,3
1Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2021
Summary
Global food trade networks are becoming more complex and interconnected. This evolution enhances food availability but also increases vulnerability, necessitating a food security community to mitigate risks.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Economics
- Network Science
- Food Security Studies
Background:
- Global food trade is crucial for food security and system stability.
- Understanding the dynamics of the global food trade network (FTN) is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the evolution of the global food trade network (FTN) from 1992 to 2018.
- To assess the impact of FTN changes on global food security.
Main Methods:
- Complex network analysis techniques were applied to FTN data spanning nearly three decades.
- Evolutionary trends in network complexity, efficiency, and community structure were examined.
Main Results:
- The global FTN has grown more complex, efficient, and tightly interconnected.
- Trade communities have stabilized, shifting from a unipolar to a multipolar structure.
- Core exporting countries remain concentrated, while importers are more dispersed.
Conclusions:
- Increased FTN complexity improves food availability and diversity but introduces vulnerabilities.
- A concentrated trade system heightens risks from global disruptions.
- Establishing a food security community is proposed to enhance global food trade resilience.
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