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Pre-Clinical Models in Implant Dentistry: Past, Present, Future
Nicolas Blanc-Sylvestre1,2, Philippe Bouchard1,2, Catherine Chaussain1,3
1Université de Paris, Institut des Maladies Musculo-Squelettiques, Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies Laboratory URP2496 and FHU-DDS-Net, Dental School, and Plateforme d'Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), 92120 Montrouge, France.
Biomedicines
|November 27, 2021
Summary
This review examines animal models for dental implant research, detailing their pros and cons. It also explores emerging non-animal alternatives to reduce and refine animal testing in this field.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical research
- Translational science
- Dental implantology
Background:
- Biomedical research aims to translate experimental findings into clinical applications.
- Appropriate animal models are crucial for drawing justifiable conclusions in research.
- Animal testing is a prerequisite for human clinical trials, utilizing diverse species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current animal models used in dental implant research.
- To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model.
- To discuss the future of animal research and non-animal alternatives in this field.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on animal models in dental implant research.
- Analysis of the suitability of various species (minipigs, dogs, rodents, rabbits, mice) for specific research objectives.
- Evaluation of the impact of scientific advances and guidelines on animal use.
Main Results:
- Minipigs are preferred for intraoral bone surgery around dental implants.
- Dog models are used for studies involving oral biofilm conditions.
- Rodents, particularly mice, remain key for genetic studies, while rabbit model interest declines.
Conclusions:
- The choice of animal model depends on specific study objectives, with minipigs and dogs showing utility for different aspects of dental implant research.
- Scientific and governmental advancements are driving the replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal models.
- In vitro and biomaterial approaches are increasingly being adopted as alternatives to in vivo experiments in dental implant research.
