COVID-19: The Impact on Cardiovascular System

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Virology

Background:

• Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic.
• The virus primarily enters host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor.
• The cardiovascular system is frequently implicated in COVID-19 pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the existing literature on the cardiovascular implications of COVID-19.
• To highlight the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in patients with COVID-19.
• To provide clinicians with evidence-based information for managing cardiovascular complications.

Main Methods:

• A narrative review of the scientific literature was conducted.
• The review focused on studies examining the acute and chronic cardiovascular effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• Literature search terms included "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "cardiovascular", "myocardial", "arrhythmia", and "thrombosis".

Main Results:

• SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to a range of cardiovascular complications, including myocarditis, arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events.
• The virus's interaction with the ACE2 receptor plays a critical role in cardiovascular damage.
• Cardiovascular morbidity is a significant concern in both acute and long-term COVID-19 recovery.

Conclusions:

• The cardiovascular system is a key target of SARS-CoV-2, necessitating vigilant monitoring and management.
• Early and thorough diagnostics are crucial for mitigating cardiovascular risks associated with COVID-19.
• A multidisciplinary approach, guided by evidence-based medicine, is essential for optimal patient outcomes.