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Somatostatin and Its Receptor System in Colorectal Cancer

Aldona Kasprzak1

  • 1Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcicki Street 6, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.

Biomedicines
|November 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The somatostatin (SST)/somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF) system impacts colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. Further research is needed to understand its role in CRC histogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The somatostatin (SST)/somatotropin release-inhibiting factor (SRIF) system, a neuropeptide regulating endocrine and neurotransmission functions, involves five SST receptors (SST1-5).
  • SST/SRIF is produced by intestinal enteroendocrine cells and neurons, inhibiting secretion and cell proliferation.
  • SST receptors are overexpressed in tumors, particularly neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), and the SST/SRIF system has clinical applications in NEN diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical significance of the SST/SRIF system signaling in colorectal cancer (CRC).
  • To evaluate the potential role of SST/SRIF system components in CRC histogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.
  • To elucidate the impact of SST/SRIF signaling on CRC cell proliferation and cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on the SST/SRIF system and colorectal cancer.
  • Analysis of the role of SST/SRIF in different CRC subtypes, including adenocarcinoma, signet ring-cell carcinoma, and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC).
  • Evaluation of SST/SRIF signaling pathways in relation to CRC cell proliferation and progression.

Main Results:

  • The role of the SST/SRIF system in the histogenesis of CRC subtypes is poorly understood.
  • The impact of SST/SRIF signaling on CRC cell proliferation and progression remains largely unknown.
  • The SST/SRIF system is frequently overexpressed in NENs and has established roles in their diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • The SST/SRIF system's role in CRC requires further investigation.
  • Understanding SST/SRIF signaling could reveal new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for CRC.
  • Targeting the SST/SRIF system may offer potential in managing CRC and its subtypes.
Keywords:
SRIF systemclinical applicationcolorectal cancerneuroendocrine tumors

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