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Urinary Protein and Peptide Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease

Natalia Chebotareva1, Anatoliy Vinogradov2, Valerie McDonnell1

  • 1Nephrology Department, Tareev Clinic, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubezkaya, 8, 119048 Moscow, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This review explores protein and peptide biomarkers for diagnosing chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes. Mass spectrometry offers a non-invasive alternative to biopsy for early detection and targeted therapy development.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Proteomics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive decline in kidney function, a major risk factor for mortality and cardiovascular disease.
  • CKD presents with similar clinical signs across various origins, necessitating early diagnosis to differentiate progression rates.
  • Identifying specific causes of CKD is crucial for effective management and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review protein/peptide biomarkers for major CKD causes, including diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and membranous nephropathy.
  • To highlight the role of mass spectrometry (MS) in analyzing urinary proteomic-peptide profiles for diagnostic purposes.
  • To explore the potential of these biomarkers as non-invasive diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature focusing on protein and peptide biomarkers in CKD.
  • Emphasis on mass spectrometry (MS) techniques for analyzing urinary proteomic and peptide content.
  • Analysis of biomarker profiles associated with specific nephropathic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Mass spectrometry-based analysis of urinary peptides and proteins provides significant insights into different nephropathies.
  • Urinary proteomic-peptide profiles show promise as early, non-invasive diagnostic tools for specific kidney diseases.
  • These profiles may serve as a safe alternative to invasive renal biopsies.

Conclusions:

  • Protein and peptide biomarkers identified through MS can aid in the early and specific diagnosis of CKD causes.
  • Urinary proteomic analysis offers a non-invasive diagnostic approach, potentially replacing renal biopsy.
  • Understanding pathogenetic mechanisms via MS studies can guide the development of novel targeted therapies for CKD progression.

Keywords:
biomarkerschronic kidney diseaseproteomicsurine

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