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Vascular Polyurethane Prostheses Modified with a Bioactive Coating-Physicochemical, Mechanical and Biological
Aleksandra Kuźmińska1, Aleksandra Wojciechowska1, Beata A Butruk-Raszeja1
1Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warynskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 27, 2021
Summary
This study modified polyurethane vascular prostheses with peptides, enhancing endothelial cell adhesion and hemocompatibility. YIGSR peptide coatings showed more promising results than REDV for improved blood-contacting material performance.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Vascular Prosthetics
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Polyurethane vascular prostheses are crucial for cardiovascular disease treatment.
- Improving biocompatibility and cell interaction is essential for long-term graft success.
- Surface modification strategies are key to enhancing prostheses performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To chemically modify small-diameter polyurethane vascular prostheses using peptide coatings.
- To evaluate the impact of peptide modification on surface properties and cell interactions.
- To assess the hemocompatibility and blood-material interactions of the modified prostheses.
Main Methods:
- Phase inversion method used to fabricate polyurethane prostheses.
- Two-step surface modification involving acrylic acid linker and REDV/YIGSR peptides.
- Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chemical analysis.
- Porosity, Young's Modulus, and water contact angle measurements.
- Endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) co-culture assays.
- Whole blood clotting time and free hemoglobin analysis for hemocompatibility.
Main Results:
- Successful chemical modification confirmed by FTIR and XPS.
- Modified prostheses exhibited ~60% porosity, 9-11 MPa Young's Modulus, and ~40° water contact angle.
- Peptide-modified surfaces significantly increased endothelial cell adhesion while maintaining low smooth muscle cell adhesion.
- High hemocompatibility observed, with peptide coatings reducing platelet adhesion and improving blood clotting profiles.
- YIGSR peptide coatings demonstrated superior performance compared to REDV coatings.
Conclusions:
- Peptide modification, particularly with YIGSR, enhances the hemocompatibility of polyurethane vascular prostheses.
- Improved endothelial cell adhesion and reduced platelet activation contribute to better blood-material interactions.
- These findings suggest potential for improved vascular graft performance using peptide-functionalized biomaterials.
