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To Discover the Efficient and Novel Drug Targets in Human Cancers Using CRISPR/Cas Screening and Databases

Iichiroh Onishi1, Kouhei Yamamoto1, Yuko Kinowaki1

  • 1Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

CRISPR gene editing offers powerful tools for cancer research. This review highlights optimal CRISPR libraries and databases for discovering novel targeted cancer therapies through synthetic lethality approaches.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • CRISPR/Cas is a revolutionary gene-editing technology widely used in research.
  • CRISPR libraries are crucial for identifying essential genes and synthetic lethality targets in cancer.
  • Synthetic lethality involves combined genetic abnormalities that are lethal together but not individually.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent optimal CRISPR libraries for cancer research.
  • To identify effective databases for utilizing CRISPR screening data.
  • To guide novel approaches in the discovery and design of targeted cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current CRISPR library advancements and their applications in cancer research.
  • Analysis of prominent CRISPR screening databases (Depmap, PICKLES, iCSDB, Project Score, CRISP-view).
  • Discussion on leveraging these tools for identifying synthetic lethality targets.

Main Results:

  • Emergence of highly accurate CRISPR libraries applicable to small cell numbers.
  • Availability of comprehensive databases facilitating efficient analysis of CRISPR screening data.
  • Enhanced ability to discover cancer-specific targets through integrated screening approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal CRISPR libraries and databases are essential for advancing targeted cancer therapy discovery.
  • Effective utilization of these resources can accelerate the identification of synthetic lethality vulnerabilities.
  • This review provides a guide for researchers in selecting tools for novel therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
CRISPR screeningdatabasesynthetic lethality

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