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Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles
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Metal (Mo, W, Ti) Carbide Catalysts: Synthesis and Application as Alternative Catalysts for Dry Reforming of
Natalia Czaplicka1, Andrzej Rogala1, Izabela Wysocka1
1Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
Abstract:
Dry reforming of hydrocarbons (DRH) is a pro-environmental method for syngas production. It owes its pro-environmental character to the use of carbon dioxide, which is one of the main greenhouse gases. Currently used nickel catalysts on oxide supports suffer from rapid deactivation due to sintering of active metal particles or the deposition of carbon deposits blocking the flow of gases through the reaction tube. In this view, new alternative catalysts are highly sought after. Transition metal carbides (TMCs) can potentially replace traditional nickel catalysts due to their stability and activity in DR processes. The catalytic activity of carbides results from the synthesis-dependent structural properties of carbides. In this respect, this review presents the most important methods of titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten carbide synthesis and the influence of their properties on activity in catalyzing the reaction of methane with carbon dioxide.
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