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Non-Coding RNAs in Response to Drought Stress.

Temesgen Assefa Gelaw1,2, Neeti Sanan-Mishra1

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|November 27, 2021
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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of plant drought stress responses. This review categorizes ncRNAs and discusses their role in mitigating drought, highlighting miRNA, lncRNA, and transposon-derived RNAs.

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epigenetic silencinglong non-coding RNAmiRNAregulatory networksstress responsewater deficit

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Drought stress significantly impacts plant morphology, physiology, and biochemistry.
  • Plants exhibit diverse drought responses including avoidance, tolerance, escape, and recovery.
  • Genetic regulation, particularly by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), is key to plant stress adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and categorize non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) based on their biogenesis and function.
  • To discuss the role of long and small ncRNAs in mitigating drought stress in plants.
  • To highlight the emerging understanding of ncRNAs in plant abiotic stress responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and compilation of existing research on ncRNAs in plants.
  • Categorization of ncRNAs based on established biogenesis pathways and functional roles.
  • Analysis of studies identifying and characterizing drought-responsive ncRNAs in various plant species.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and transposon-derived RNAs, are critical regulators of drought stress.
  • These ncRNAs form complex networks to modulate gene expression and influence plant responses to drought.
  • While miRNA research is well-established, the roles of lncRNAs and transposon-derived RNAs are areas of active and emerging investigation.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs represent a significant regulatory layer in plant adaptation to drought stress.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of lncRNAs and transposon-derived RNAs will enhance our understanding of plant resilience.
  • Targeted manipulation of ncRNAs holds potential for improving crop drought tolerance.