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Lateralization

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.

Muscles of the Shoulder

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

Lateralization in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Stefan Bauer¹, Jocelyn Corbaz², George S Athwal³

¹Ensemble Hospitalier de la Côte, 1110 Morges, Switzerland.

Journal of Clinical Medicine

|November 27, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA) evolution addresses Grammont design issues. Lateralization strategies improve stability and range of motion, but optimal application requires further research.

Keywords:

BIO-RSA ROM Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA)bipolar lateralization lateralization notching shoulder prosthesis

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Published on: September 7, 2022

Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomedical engineering
Arthroplasty design

Background:

Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA) is the most common shoulder arthroplasty globally.
The original Grammont design has limitations including reduced range of motion and instability.
Indications for RSA have expanded significantly over 25 years.

Purpose of the Study:

To review strategies for overcoming RSA drawbacks.
To analyze glenoid-sided, humeral-sided, and global bipolar lateralization techniques.
To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of lateralization in RSA.

Main Methods:

Literature review of RSA designs and outcomes.
Analysis of lateralization techniques in current implants and surgical practices.
Discussion of potential risks and future planning tools.

Main Results:

Lateralization improves stability, reduces notching, and enhances range of motion and shoulder contour.
The optimal degree of lateralization and acceptable joint reaction forces are not yet defined.
Potential risks include overstuffing and scapular spine fractures.

Conclusions:

Lateralization effectively addresses Grammont design limitations.
Further research is needed to determine ideal lateralization parameters and long-term outcomes.
Advanced planning tools like CT-based 3D imaging and AI will aid surgical execution.