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Novel Biomarkers of Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Current Research and Future Perspectives

Nadja Niclauss1, Ines Gütgemann2, Jonas Dohmen1

  • 1Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.

Cancers
|November 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This review covers gastric cancer biomarkers for targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. New markers promise better treatment strategies and individualized care for patients with this advanced disease.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Gastric cancer survival rates are low, often due to late-stage diagnosis.
  • Current treatment strategies require improved molecular targets and prognostic indicators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on gastric cancer biomarkers.
  • To discuss the implementation of these biomarkers in treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on gastric cancer biomarkers.
  • Analysis of targeted therapies (e.g., HER2, VEGF, Claudin 18.2, MET).
  • Evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1/PD-L1 pathway).
  • Assessment of novel technologies like circulating tumor cells detection.
  • Integration of genomic and transcriptome profiling for molecular subtypes and microenvironment characterization.

Main Results:

  • Trastuzumab (HER2-targeting) is an approved targeted therapy.
  • VEGF, Claudin 18.2, MET, and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway are key targets.
  • Circulating tumor cells show diagnostic and prognostic potential.
  • Genomic data identified prognostic molecular subtypes.
  • Transcriptome profiling aids in understanding the tumor microenvironment and developing risk scores.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging biomarkers offer improved treatment stratification for gastric cancer.
  • These markers facilitate the identification of molecular targets for personalized medicine.
  • Advances in biomarker research promise enhanced therapeutic strategies and patient outcomes.
Keywords:
advanced gastric cancerbiomarkergastric cancertargeted therapy

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