Recovery of Biologically Treated Textile Wastewater by Ozonation and Subsequent Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis Process

The Bipolar Membrane Electrodialysis process (BPMED) can produce valuable chemicals such as acid (HCl, H₂SO₄, etc.) and base (NaOH) from saline and brackish waters under the influence of an electrical field. In this study, BPMED was used to recover wastewater and salt in biologically treated textile wastewater (BTTWW). BPMED process, with and without pre-treatment (softening and ozonation), was evaluated under different operational conditions. Water quality parameters (color, remaining total organic carbon, hardness, etc.) in the acid, base and filtrated effluents of the BPMED process were evaluated for acid, base, and wastewater reuse purposes. Ozone oxidation decreased 90% of color and 37% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in BTTWW. As a result, dye fouling on the anion exchange membrane of the BPMED process was reduced. Subsequently, over 90% desalination efficiency was achieved in a shorter period. Generated acid, base, and effluent wastewater of the BPMED process were found to be reusable in wet textile processes. Results indicated that pre-ozonation and subsequent BPMED membrane systems might be a promising solution in converging to a zero discharge approach in the textile industry.