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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Design and Fabrication of an Elastomeric Unit for Soft Modular Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery

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Testing and Modelling of Elastomeric Element for an Embedded Rail System.

Qianqian Li¹, Roberto Corradi¹, Egidio Di Gialleonardo¹

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 1, 20156 Milan, Italy.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 27, 2021

Summary

Accurate modeling of elastomeric rail fasteners is crucial for train-track dynamics. A modified non-linear Zener model captures frequency and preload effects, improving simulation accuracy for dynamic interactions.

Keywords:

elastomeric material embedded rail system frequency-dependent damping macro-mechanical modelling of damping preload-dependent damping

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Area of Science:

Railway Engineering
Materials Science
Mechanical Vibrations

Background:

Accurate simulation of train-track dynamic interaction requires precise modelling of elastomeric components.
Existing models may not fully capture the frequency and preload dependencies of stiffness and damping in rail fasteners.
Understanding these dynamic properties is vital for addressing issues like rail deflection, force transmission, and short pitch corrugation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a modified non-linear Zener model for elastomeric rail fasteners.
To represent the frequency- and preload-dependent stiffness and damping characteristics of the elastomeric material.
To improve the simulation accuracy of train-track dynamic interactions.

Main Methods:

Experimental characterization of elastomeric element stiffness and damping using force-controlled mono-harmonic tests at various frequencies and static preloads.
Development of a laboratory test setup addressing sensitivity and frequency response.
Identification of non-linear Zener model parameters based on experimental data.
Validation of the model through comparison of simulated and measured reaction forces.

Main Results:

The identified non-linear Zener model accurately reproduces the frequency- and preload-dependent dynamic properties of the elastomeric material.
Experimental data confirmed the model's ability to predict the dynamic behavior of the elastomeric element.
Time domain simulations showed the significant impact of the modelled dynamic properties on the system's transient and steady-state response.

Conclusions:

The modified non-linear Zener model provides a reliable representation of elastomeric rail fastener behavior under varying conditions.
Accurate modelling of frequency- and preload-dependent properties is essential for precise train-track dynamic simulations.
The validated model enhances the prediction of system responses, particularly when diverse frequency contributions are present.