Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

4.1K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
4.1K
Directional Relays01:25

Directional Relays

240
Directional relays, essential for managing unidirectional fault currents, enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems. On power lines equipped with directional relays, faults downstream (to the right) of the current transformer typically cause the fault current to lag the bus voltage by approximately 90 degrees, known as the forward direction. In contrast, upstream (left-side) faults may result in the fault current leading the bus voltage by nearly 90 degrees, termed the reverse...
240
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

2.5K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.5K
Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

4.7K
The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in...
4.7K
Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

236
Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
236
Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

485
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
485

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A scalable synthesis of N-doped Si nanoparticles for high-performance Li-ion batteries.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2016
Same author

The effect and action mechanism of resveratrol on the vascular endothelial cell by high glucose treatment.

Saudi journal of biological sciences·2016
Same author

Altered resting state functional connectivity of anterior insula in young smokers.

Brain imaging and behavior·2016
Same author

Curdlan blocks the immune suppression by myeloid-derived suppressor cells and reduces tumor burden.

Immunologic research·2016
Same author

Combined image guided monitoring the pharmacokinetics of rapamycin loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles with a split luciferase reporter.

Nanoscale·2016
Same author

Distinctive effects of CD34- and CD133-specific antibody-coated stents on re-endothelialization and in-stent restenosis at the early phase of vascular injury.

Regenerative biomaterials·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

10.0K

Covert Information Mapped Spatial and Directional Modulation toward Secure Wireless Transmission.

Jie Tian1, Hao Chen2, Zhigang Wang3

  • 1Institute of Electronic Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new secure communication method, covert information mapping spatial and direction modulation (CIM-SDM). It enhances security against eavesdroppers with distributed receivers, outperforming existing spatial and direction modulation (SDM) techniques.

Keywords:
covert information mapping (CIM)eavesdroppingspatial and directional modulation (SDM)

More Related Videos

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

10.0K
Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
07:45

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 12, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

10.0K
Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

10.0K
Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
07:45

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Information Security
  • Wireless Communications
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Spatial and Direction Modulation (SDM) combines Spatial Modulation (SM) and Directional Modulation (DM) for enhanced security.
  • Existing SDM security relies on the assumption that eavesdroppers lack distributed receivers.
  • Information security degrades when eavesdroppers are equipped with distributed receivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a more robust secure communication structure against eavesdroppers with distributed receivers.
  • To investigate the joint design of SDM and Covert Information Mapping (CIM).

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a novel Covert Information Mapping-Spatial and Direction Modulation (CIM-SDM) structure.
  • Quantified detection performances for both eavesdroppers and legitimate users through theoretical derivation.
  • Analyzed and simulated the performance of the proposed CIM-SDM structure.

Main Results:

  • The CIM-SDM structure demonstrates more robust secure performance compared to the original SDM.
  • This improved security is maintained even when the eavesdropper is equipped with distributed receivers.
  • A moderate performance loss is observed at the legitimate user as a trade-off for enhanced security.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed CIM-SDM offers superior security against sophisticated eavesdropping scenarios.
  • This approach provides a viable solution for enhancing information security in wireless communications.
  • The trade-off between security and legitimate user performance is quantified and acceptable.