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Respiratory Viruses in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Roni Bitterman1, Deepali Kumar1
1Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada.
Viruses
|November 27, 2021
Summary
Respiratory viral infections pose significant risks for solid organ transplant recipients, particularly lung transplant patients. This review covers epidemiology, clinical aspects, and management of these infections, excluding SARS-CoV-2.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Transplantation Medicine
- Virology
Background:
- Solid organ transplantation increases infection risk, with respiratory viruses being highly prevalent.
- Lung transplant recipients face significant morbidity and mortality from respiratory viral infections, potentially linked to rejection and allograft dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, therapies, and preventive strategies for significant RNA and DNA respiratory viruses in transplant patients, excluding SARS-CoV-2.
Main Methods:
- Literature review summarizing existing data on respiratory viral infections in solid organ transplant recipients.
- Focus on clinically significant RNA and DNA viruses, excluding SARS-CoV-2.
Main Results:
- Respiratory viral infections are common post-transplant, acquired in the community, and share similar symptoms.
- Influenza has available treatments and prevention, but resistance and vaccine issues exist.
- Other respiratory viruses have limited therapeutic and preventive options.
Conclusions:
- Effective management and prevention of respiratory viral infections in transplant recipients remain challenging.
- Future research is needed for novel antivirals, immunotherapies, and vaccines to improve outcomes.
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