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Bidirectional associations between biased language exposure and school-based relationships across gender
Julia A Ogg1, Christopher J Anthony2, Christine K Malecki1
1Northern Illinois University, Department of Psychology, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Journal of School Psychology
|November 27, 2021
Summary
Hearing or experiencing biased language negatively impacts middle school students' relationships with peers and teachers. This effect was more pronounced in boys, highlighting the need to address harmful language and foster positive school connections.
Area of Science:
- Educational Psychology
- Sociology of Education
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Biased language in schools negatively affects school climate and relationships.
- Prior research links biased language to peer and teacher-student dynamics.
- Understanding the longitudinal impact of biased language on relationships is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the longitudinal associations between experiencing or hearing biased language and student-student/teacher-student relationships in middle school.
- To examine potential gender differences in these associations.
Main Methods:
- A cross-lagged panel model was used with data from 501 middle school students.
- Students self-reported exposure to biased language (race/religion, sexual orientation, disability) and relationship quality.
- Analysis included overall sample and separate models for boys and girls.
Main Results:
- A negative unidirectional association was found: biased language exposure predicted poorer student-student and teacher-student relationships.
- For boys, biased language exposure predicted more negative relationships.
- For girls, biased language exposure was not significantly associated with relationship quality.
Conclusions:
- Exposure to biased language in middle school can undermine positive peer and teacher-student relationships, particularly for boys.
- Interventions should focus on reducing biased language and strengthening school-based relationships.
- Addressing harmful language is essential for fostering inclusive and supportive school environments.
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