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A Microclip Peripheral Nerve Interface (μcPNI) for Bioelectronic Interfacing with Small Nerves.

Cami C Rowan1, Oliver Graudejus1,2, Timothy M Otchy3,4,5

  • 1BMSEED LLC, Phoenix, AZ, 85034, USA.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|November 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel microclip peripheral nerve interface (μcPNI) for small nerves, overcoming the selectivity-invasiveness tradeoff. The μcPNI enables robust neural recording and stimulation with minimal tissue disturbance.

Keywords:
3D printingbioelectronic medicineperipheral nerve interfacesstretchable microelectrode arrays

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Bioengineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Peripheral nerves transmit vital signals, making them key targets for neuromodulation and neuroprosthetics.
  • Existing peripheral nerve interfaces (PNIs) face challenges balancing selectivity and invasiveness.
  • Small nerves present unique interfacing difficulties due to their size and delicate nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel PNI that overcomes the selectivity-invasiveness tradeoff for small nerves.
  • To demonstrate the fabrication, in vivo evaluation, and chronic implantation of the new PNI.
  • To highlight the advantages of the new PNI design for precise neural interfacing.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a μcPNI integrating a soft, stretchable microelectrode array with a 2-photon 3D printed microclip.
  • Evaluation of the μcPNI's electromechanical robustness and performance in zebra finches.
  • Chronic implantation and testing of the μcPNI for recording and stimulating neural activity in small nerves.

Main Results:

  • The novel μcPNI demonstrated increased spatial resolution and reduced biomechanical mismatch with nerves.
  • The device minimized host tissue disturbance, eliminated the need for sutures/adhesives, and provided high circumferential contact.
  • The μcPNI maintained functionality under strain and enabled graded neuromodulation in a low-threshold stimulation regime.
  • Electromechanical robustness and reliable in vivo recording/stimulation of neural activity in small nerves were confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • The developed μcPNI effectively interfaces with small peripheral nerves, breaking the traditional PNI tradeoff.
  • This technology offers improved spatial resolution, reduced invasiveness, and enhanced functionality for neural recording and stimulation.
  • The μcPNI design holds promise for advancing bioelectronic medicine, neuroprosthetics, and future PNI development.