Injectable polydimethylsiloxane microfiller coated with zwitterionic polymer for enhanced biocompatibility

Silicone-based fillers have been applied in several branches of medicine, such as soft tissue augmentation, because of their stability and durability. However, the inherently hydrophobic surfaces of silicone occasionally cause excessive deposition of the fibrous matrix in vivo, leading to severe fibrosis. In this study, we evaluated the use of a zwitterionic copolymer to offer a facile surface treatment method for silicone-based fillers and performed a preclinical trial of the formulation as-prepared. The copolymer has amphiphilic moieties, which act as macromolecular surfactants that can functionalize and stabilize the silicone particles during fabrication. The effectiveness and safety of the particle filler were evaluated histologically by scoring the peri-implant tissues into previously defined categories. Our results suggest that zwitterion-coated silicone fillers can inhibit protein adsorption, and thus, help attenuate foreign body reactions in a rat model. This demonstrates their potential for wide application in different fields within the discipline of medicine.