Outcomes of Three Different Minimal Invasive Approaches for Secundum Atrial Septal Defect Closure: A Single Institute...

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Thoracic Surgery
• Medical Devices

Background:

• Atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is a common cardiovascular procedure.
• Minimally invasive techniques are increasingly preferred over traditional sternotomy.
• Evaluating different closure methods is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the safety and efficacy of three distinct atrial septal defect closure techniques.
• To assess transcatheter occlusion (TCO), transthoracic occlusion (TTO), and right anterolateral minithoracotomy (RALT) for ASD closure.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of clinical data for 63 patients undergoing TCO, 55 undergoing TTO, and 60 undergoing RALT.
• Comparison of procedural characteristics, including operative time, ventilation, ICU, and hospital duration.
• Evaluation of complication rates, residual shunts, and mortality.

Main Results:

• No significant difference in total complication rates, residual shunts, or mortality across TCO, TTO, and RALT groups.
• TTO demonstrated shorter operative time, ventilation, and ICU duration compared to RALT.
• TCO resulted in shorter hospital duration than TTO and RALT.
• ASD size and type varied among the groups, with RALT accommodating more non-central defects.

Conclusions:

• Transcatheter occlusion (TCO), transthoracic occlusion (TTO), and right anterolateral minithoracotomy (RALT) are safe and effective for ASD closure.
• Favorable cosmetic and clinical results are achievable with these minimally invasive techniques.
• Patient selection is key to successful ASD closure, and these methods offer promising alternatives to standard sternotomy.