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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

697
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Polymer Zwitterion-Based Artificial Interphase Layers for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes.

Tong Jin1, Ming Liu2, Kai Su1

  • 1State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Novel polymer zwitterion artificial interphase layers significantly enhance lithium metal battery performance. These layers improve ion transport and stability, enabling long-life lithium metal anodes for safer batteries.

Keywords:
artificial interphase layersinterfacial engineeringlithium dendritelithium metal anodespolymer zwitterion

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) offer high energy density but face challenges with unstable interfaces.
  • Dendrite growth and low Coulombic efficiency hinder the commercialization of lithium metal anodes (LMAs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel polymer zwitterion-based artificial interphase layers (AILs) for improved LMA performance.
  • To enhance Li+ ion transport and interfacial stability in LMAs.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polymer zwitterion-based AILs with tunable sulfonate and phosphate group ratios.
  • Characterization of interfacial properties, including Li+ ion transference number and ionic conductivity.
  • Long-term Li plating/stripping tests and full cell cycling performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high Li+ ion transference number of 0.81 and ionic conductivity of 0.75 × 10^-4 S cm^-1.
  • Demonstrated stable Li plating/stripping for 1400 hours at 1 mA cm^-2.
  • Enabled stable cycling performance in a full cell configuration.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer zwitterion-based AILs effectively improve Li+ ion transport and interfacial stability for LMAs.
  • Interfacial engineering via zwitterion effect is a promising strategy for developing safe and long-lasting LMBs.