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Deep Brain Stimulation and Swimming Performance: A Randomized Within-Person Crossover Study.

Sarah Katherine Morgan1, Omar Khan Bangash1, Nat Benjanuvatra1

  • 1School of Surgery (SKM, IDP), University of Western Australia; Neurosurgical Service of Western Australia (OKB, MT), Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; School of Human Sciences (Sport Science (NB, GP), Exercise, and Health), University of Western Australia, Perth; Institute for Health Research (AJ), University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle; Department of Research (AJ), Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; and School of Surgery (CRPL), University of Western Australia, Perth, and Neurosurgical Service of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.

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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) generally does not impair swimming ability in patients. However, one patient experienced a significant drowning hazard, necessitating caution and supervision during aquatic activities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a therapeutic intervention for various neurological disorders.
  • The impact of DBS on motor functions, particularly in aquatic environments, requires thorough investigation.
  • Assessing swimming ability provides a unique measure of complex motor control and coordination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of DBS on swimming performance in patients with implanted electrodes.
  • To systematically compare swimming outcomes with DBS on versus DBS off within the same individuals.
  • To identify any potential risks or benefits associated with DBS during swimming.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized blinded crossover study design was employed.
  • Eighteen patients with neurological conditions underwent swimming trials (front crawl and breaststroke) with DBS on and off.
  • Primary outcomes included lap completion, lap time, and Aquatic Skills Proficiency Assessment (ASPA) scores.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in swimming performance was observed between DBS on and off conditions across most participants.
  • One patient exhibited significant impairment in coordination and postural control, leading to a potential drowning hazard with DBS on.
  • Two patients demonstrated improved swimming times and ASPA scores with DBS on.

Conclusions:

  • DBS does not generally impair swimming performance, but a rare risk of drowning hazard exists.
  • Patients with DBS should be informed of this potential risk and advised to swim with supervision.
  • Further research may be needed to identify predictors of DBS-induced swimming impairment.