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Vortex Formation Times in the Glottal Jet, Measured in a Scaled-Up Model.

Michael Krane1

  • 1Applied Research Laboratory, Penn State University, State College, PA 16804, USA.

Fluids (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vortex formation timing in the vocal fold jet is crucial for voice sound. This study found vortex timing varies with vibration frequency, not just cycle phase, impacting voice characteristics.

Keywords:
glottal jetinstabilityphonationvoiced sound production

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics and Fluid Dynamics
  • Bioengineering and Biomechanics

Background:

  • The timing of vortex formation in the glottal jet is acoustically significant, influencing voice signal characteristics.
  • Understanding this timing is key to modeling voice production and its acoustic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the timing of vortex formation on the glottal jet using existing velocity measurements.
  • To determine how vortex formation timing relates to vocal fold vibration and acoustic output.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of time-resolved planar digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) measurements.
  • Extraction of glottis exit jet velocity time series.
  • Calculation of vortex formation time based on velocity peaks.

Main Results:

  • Exit velocity waveforms exhibited two distinct time scales: one related to vibration period, another to vortex passage.
  • Vortex formation time showed poor correlation between successive vibration cycles.
  • Vortex formation time was strongly dependent on the reduced frequency of vibration, not solely on cycle phase.

Conclusions:

  • Vortex formation timing is a complex phenomenon influenced by vibration frequency.
  • A high-frequency burst of vortex motion near the end of the cycle aligns with perceptual studies of synthesized speech.
  • These findings enhance our understanding of voice production mechanisms.