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Reference values for selected dry eye tests in normal Beagle dogs: a pilot study.

Youngsam Kim1,2, Seonmi Kang1, Sunhyo Kim1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.

Journal of Veterinary Science
|November 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study established reference values for canine dry eye tests, finding correlations only between tear meniscus height and non-invasive tear breakup time. These findings aid in diagnosing dry eye disease in dogs.

Keywords:
Dogdry eye testsnon-invasive tear breakup timeocular surface analyzertear meniscus height

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Ocular Surface Disease

Background:

  • Dry eye disease (DED) in dogs is multifactorial, lacking standardized diagnostic criteria beyond the Schirmer tear test 1 (STT-1).
  • Previous studies on canine dry eye tests (DETs) have not established comprehensive reference values.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish reference values for various DETs in dogs with normal STT-1 results.
  • To investigate the correlations between different DETs in a canine model.

Main Methods:

  • 10 healthy Beagle dogs underwent STT-1, followed by measurements of lipid layer thickness (LLT) using interferometry (IF), tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), and meibomian gland loss rates (MGLRU/MGLRL) using an ocular surface analyzer.
  • Data were collected after a 20-minute interval post-STT-1.

Main Results:

  • Mean STT-1 was 21.7 ± 3.4 mm/min, TMH was 0.41 ± 0.21 mm, and NIBUT was 19.1 ± 9.5 sec.
  • The most common LLT range was 30-80 nm. Meibomian gland loss was observed in up to 50% of eyelids.
  • A positive correlation was found between TMH and NIBUT (P = 0.038), but no other significant associations between DETs were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Normative reference values for canine DETs were established.
  • The findings provide a basis for diagnosing DED in dogs and highlight the limited correlation between most tested parameters.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the complex interrelationships of DETs in canine DED.