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Factors Affecting Postpartum Infection: A Systematic Review.

Maryam Malmir1, Narges Azizi Boroojerdi1, Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi2

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Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
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Identifying factors affecting postpartum infections is crucial for reducing maternal mortality. This study highlights avoidable risk factors to improve maternal health outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Puerperal infection, a bacterial infection of the reproductive tract post-delivery, poses significant risks.
  • Understanding contributing factors is vital for mitigating complications and reducing maternal mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the factors influencing postpartum infections.
  • To identify key risk factors for the prevention and management of puerperal infections.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, SID, and Web of Science databases.
  • Observational studies (cohort, case-control) published in English and Farsi from 2010 to November 2019 were included.
  • Search terms included 'postpartum infection,' 'risk factor,' and related keywords in both languages.

Main Results:

  • Nineteen studies were reviewed from an initial 3227 articles.
  • Identified factors include maternal age, education, delivery method, episiotomy, anemia, childbirth interventions, hygiene, Povidone Iodine use, antibiotic prophylaxis, labor duration, obesity, and bacterial presence.
  • These factors significantly impact the incidence of postpartum infection.

Conclusions:

  • Key factors contributing to postpartum infections have been identified.
  • Some of these identified factors are modifiable, offering opportunities for intervention.
  • Targeting these avoidable factors can lead to a reduction in postpartum infections and their associated complications.