Neuregulin 1 and ErbB4 Kinase Actively Regulate Sharp Wave Ripples in the Hippocampus

Sharp wave ripples (SW-Rs) in the hippocampus are synchronized bursts of hippocampal pyramidal neurons (PyNs), critical for spatial working memory. However, the molecular underpinnings of SW-Rs remain poorly understood. We show that SW-Rs in hippocampal slices from both male and female mice were suppressed by neuregulin 1 (NRG1), an epidermal growth factor whose expression is enhanced by neuronal activity. Pharmacological inhibition of ErbB4, a receptor tyrosine kinase for NRG1, increases SW-R occurrence rate in hippocampal slices. These results suggest an important role of NRG1-ErbB4 signaling in regulating SW-Rs. To further test this notion, we characterized SW-Rs in freely moving male mice, chemical genetic mutant mice, where ErbB4 can be specifically inhibited by the bulky inhibitor 1NMPP1. Remarkably, SW-R occurrence was increased by 1NMPP1. We found that 1NMPP1 increased the firing rate of PyN neurons, yet disrupted PyN neuron dynamics during SW-R events. Furthermore, 1NMPP1 increased SW-R occurrence during both nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep states and wake states with a greater impact on SW-Rs during wake states. In accord, spatial working memory was attenuated in male mice. Together these results indicate that dynamic activity of ErbB4 kinase is critical to SW-Rs and spatial working memory. This study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism of SW-Rs and a novel function of the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Sharp wave ripples (SW-Rs) are a hippocampal event, important for memory functioning. Yet the molecular pathways that regulate SW-Rs remain unclear. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), previously known to be increased in pyramidal neuron's (PyNs) in an activity dependent manner, signals to its receptor, ErbB4 kinase, that is in important regulator of GABAergic transmission and long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Our findings demonstrate that SW-Rs are regulated by this signaling pathway in a dynamic manner. Not only so, we show that this signaling pathway is dynamically needed for spatial working memory. These data suggest a molecular signaling pathway, NRG1-ErbB4, that regulates an important network event of the hippocampus, SW-Rs, that underlies memory functioning.