Performance of the Smeloff aortic valve beyond ten years

The Smeloff aortic valve has remained unchanged in design and material since 1966. To assess the long-term performance of this prosthesis, we reviewed 394 consecutive patients undergoing elective aortic valve replacement. Concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 26.4% of these patients. Follow-up was complete in 96%; maximum follow-up was 13.1 years (mean 4.3 years). The operative mortality was 7.4%. Actuarial survival rate, including operative mortality, was 66.3% +/- 2.8% at 5 years and 48.7% +/- 4.5% at 10 years. Thromboembolism for the entire group occurred at a rate of 3.8% per patient-year. Patients who underwent anticoagulation continuously had a rate of embolision of 1.8% per patient-year. All patients had a 5 year embolus-free rate of 91% +/- 2% and a 10 year embolus-free rate of 85% +/- 3%. Patients receiving anticoagulants had a 5 year embolus-free rate of 92% +/- 2% and a 10 year embolus-free rate of 89% +/- 3%. There was no mechanical failure or prosthetic thrombosis in 1,690 patient-years of follow-up. The Smeloff aortic valve has excellent long-term durability and thromboembolism is low in patients receiving anticoagulants.