Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among college freshmen in China

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Qingqing Jiang1, Qiumei Zhang2, Tiantian Wang1

  • 1School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.

Scientific Reports
|November 30, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension affects 4.3% of Chinese college freshmen, with higher prevalence in males. Key risk factors include obesity, elevated resting heart rate, physical inactivity, and family history of cardiovascular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Cardiovascular Epidemiology
  • Youth Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading global cause of death and disability.
  • Limited data exists on hypertension prevalence and risk factors among Chinese youth.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for developing targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hypertension in Chinese college freshmen.
  • To identify independent risk factors associated with hypertension in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 12,849 freshmen from 2015-2017 at a Wuhan university.
  • Data collected via physical examinations and structured questionnaires.
  • Statistical analyses included Pearson chi-square tests and forward stepwise logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Overall hypertension prevalence was 4.3% (7.9% in males, 1.6% in females).
  • Significant risk factors identified: male sex (OR: 5.358), obesity (OR: 10.465), elevated resting heart rate (OR: 4.987), physical inactivity (OR: 4.973), urban living (OR: 1.864), and family history of CVDs (OR: 2.685).
  • Staying up late was also associated with increased hypertension risk (OR: 2.957).

Conclusions:

  • Male sex, obesity, elevated resting heart rate, physical inactivity, and a family history of cardiovascular diseases are significant predictors of hypertension in Chinese college freshmen.
  • These findings highlight the need for focused preventive strategies and health education programs for young adults.
  • Early identification and management of these risk factors can mitigate long-term cardiovascular health consequences.

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