Protective effect of saponin on sperm DNA fragmentation of mice treated with cyclophosphamide

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a common chemotherapy drug with the testicular damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of saponin (SP) on the toxicity of CP in the male reproductive system. Following an experimental pilot study for determining SP dose, 40 male mice (32 ± 3 g) were divided into five groups (n = 8): control, sham (normal saline 0.2 ml/day), CP (15 mg/kg/week, intraperitoneally), SP (2.5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) and saponin group with cyclophosphamide (SP + CP). After treatment, the left testes were removed for the measurement of malonedialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels, and sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed by SDFA kit. In the CP group, a significant decrease in motility, viability, count, normal morphology and DNA fragmentation of spermatozoa and TAC was observed, while in MDA level, a significant increase was observed compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Attenuated sperm parameters in CP group improved significantly in SP + CP group (p < 0.05). According to the findings of this study, SP was able to alter the reproductive toxicity of CP in NMRI mice and increase the antioxidant capacity of the testis.