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Multi-Channel Biopotential Acquisition System Using Frequency-Division Multiplexing With Cable Motion Artifact

Jinyong Kim, Hyunkyu Ouh, Matthew L Johnston

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

|November 30, 2021

Summary

This study presents a novel biopotential acquisition system using amplitude modulated, frequency division multiplexing (AM-FDM) to reduce wires and improve noise resilience. The system effectively mitigates motion artifacts and mains interference for clearer biopotential signal recording.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Integrated Circuit Design
Signal Processing

Background:

Traditional biopotential acquisition systems often suffer from high wire counts and susceptibility to motion artifacts and electromagnetic interference.
Reducing cable count and enhancing noise immunity are critical for wearable and implantable bio-sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a multi-channel, CMOS-based biopotential acquisition system utilizing amplitude modulated, frequency division multiplexing (AM-FDM).
To significantly decrease wire count and improve resilience against motion artifacts and cable noise in biopotential recordings.

Main Methods:

Employed differential active electrode (AE) pairs to capture biopotential signals, modulating each with a unique carrier frequency via current-domain summing.
Implemented a 3-wire interface for signal transmission, incorporating frequency modulation before transmission to mitigate low-frequency artifacts and mains interference.
Designed and fabricated a prototype system using a 180 nm CMOS process, comprising front-end AE ICs and back-end demodulation/digitization ICs.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a four-channel biopotential recording system using a 3-wire interface, integrating both AE and back-end ICs.
Achieved a 15X attenuation of low-frequency cable motion artifacts.
Attained a 62X attenuation of 60 Hz mains noise coupled into the cable.

Conclusions:

The AM-FDM approach offers a robust solution for multi-channel biopotential acquisition, significantly reducing hardware complexity and enhancing signal quality.
The developed CMOS-based system demonstrates effective mitigation of common noise sources, paving the way for more reliable wearable and clinical bio-monitoring devices.