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Cooperative defenses during enteropathogenic infection
Katia Troha1, Janelle S Ayres1
1Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, Gene Expression Lab, Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Current Opinion in Microbiology
|November 30, 2021
Summary
Hosts have evolved cooperative defense systems to maintain health during infections without harming pathogens. This review explores host and pathogen mechanisms, highlighting cooperative defenses as a promising strategy against rising antibiotic resistance and pandemics.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Hosts co-evolve with pathogens, developing sophisticated defense mechanisms.
- Cooperative defense systems are an understudied aspect of host-pathogen interactions.
- These systems promote host health without impeding pathogen survival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent discoveries in the field of cooperative defenses.
- To discuss both host- and pathogen-encoded cooperative defense mechanisms.
- To highlight the potential of cooperative defenses in clinical medicine.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on cooperative defenses.
- Analysis of studies using model pathogens such as Citrobacter rodentium and Salmonella enterica.
- Examination of host- and pathogen-encoded mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Cooperative defenses represent a distinct strategy for maintaining host health during infection.
- Both hosts and pathogens possess mechanisms contributing to cooperative defense.
- These mechanisms can limit host damage and promote recovery.
Conclusions:
- Cooperative defenses offer a novel approach to managing infections.
- Understanding these systems is crucial given the rise of antibiotic resistance and pandemics.
- Further research into cooperative defenses could yield new therapeutic strategies.
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