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Infantile hemangiomas: risk factors for complications, recurrence and unaesthetic sequelae

Letícia Gaertner Mariani1, Lílian Moraes Ferreira2, Diego Luiz Rovaris3

  • 1Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia
|December 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) can lead to complications like ulceration, especially mixed and segmental types. Recurrence is more common in females and segmental IH, requiring tailored treatment protocols for high-risk cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Vascular Anomalies
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Infantile hemangiomas (IH) affect 4-10% of children.
  • Identifying risk factors for IH complications is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for complications, recurrence, and unaesthetic sequelae in infantile hemangiomas.
  • To inform therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 190 patients with infantile hemangiomas.
  • Data collected from 2006-2018 at a Dermatology Service.

Main Results:

  • 24% of patients experienced complications, most commonly ulceration, linked to mixed IH, segmental IH, and gluteal location.
  • Recurrence occurred in 16.6% of treated patients (all female), primarily on the head/neck.
  • Segmental IH and PHACES syndrome required longer propranolol treatment (mean 12.7 months).

Conclusions:

  • Mixed and segmental infantile hemangiomas are significant risk factors for ulceration and sequelae.
  • Female sex and segmental IH are associated with higher recurrence rates.
  • Specific treatment protocols are needed for infantile hemangiomas with high recurrence risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
HemangiomaPropranololRecurrenceRisk factorsScars

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