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Intrauterine Administration of Activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Intrauterine Insemination: A
Fabien Joao1, Guillaume Ricaud2, Julie Lamoureux1
1Centre d'aide médicale à la procréation Fertilys, Laval, QC.
Objective:
To evaluate the effect of intrauterine administration of activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) on intrauterine insemination (IUI) success rates.
Methods:
This prospective double-blind randomized parallel clinical trial included 213 patients undergoing IUI at the Fertilys clinic. PBMC were isolated on the day of ovulation (day 0; D0) and stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for 48 hours (day 2; D2). Patients in the PBMC group (n = 108) underwent in utero administration of 1.106 cells on D2, while patients in the control group (n = 105) were administered sperm-washing medium. Distribution of CD4 T lymphocyte populations (n = 61) was assessed on D0 and D2. Pregnancy and live birth rates were also evaluated.
Results:
Demographic and clinical characteristics, pregnancy rates, and live birth rates were not significantly different between the PBMC and control groups. Significantly higher levels of T helper (Th) 2, Th22, and T regulatory cells (P < 0.0001) and lower levels of Th17 cells were observed in hCG-activated PBMC at D2 than at D0.
Conclusion:
Intrauterine administration of PBMC was not beneficial in IUI patients. New clinical approaches to better identify patients requiring endometrium immunomodulation needs to be addressed.
