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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

How to Calculate and Validate Inter-brain Synchronization in a fNIRS Hyperscanning Study
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Interpersonal conflict increases interpersonal neural synchronization in romantic couples.

Yuhang Long1, Chuansheng Chen2, Karen Wu3

  • 1Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|December 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Romantic couples show increased interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) during conflict discussions, linked to arousal and verbal communication. This neural synchrony highlights the brain

Keywords:
arousalfunctional near-infrared spectroscopyinterpersonal conflictinterpersonal neural synchronizationromantic relationship

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • Interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) patterns differ between conflictual and supportive interactions.
  • The influence of emotion, relationship type, and interaction mode on dual-brain mechanisms remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the role of emotion in dual-brain mechanisms during social interactions.
  • Examine how relationship type and interaction mode affect interpersonal neural synchronization.
  • Clarify the link between arousal, communication content, and neural synchrony in couples versus friends.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure hemodynamic signals.
  • Collected data from romantic couples and cross-sex friends during conflictual, neutral, and supportive discussions.
  • Measured interpersonal physiological synchronization using galvanic skin response (GSR).

Main Results:

  • Romantic couples exhibited greater INS between sensorimotor cortices during conflict discussions compared to supportive ones.
  • INS positively correlated with communication arousal but not valence.
  • INS was also positively associated with physiological arousal (GSR).
  • Differences in INS between conflict and support were linked to verbal, not nonverbal, behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Arousal induced by verbal interactions during conflict enhances interpersonal neural synchronization in romantic couples.
  • Findings emphasize the role of arousal and verbal communication in the neural dynamics of couple interactions.
  • Distinguishes couple dynamics from friend dynamics in the context of neural synchrony.