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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

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Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Perception01:28

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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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What is a Sensory System?01:31

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Sensory systems detect stimuli—such as light and sound waves—and transduce them into neural signals that can be interpreted by the nervous system. In addition to external stimuli detected by the senses, some sensory systems detect internal stimuli—such as the proprioceptors in muscles and tendons that send feedback about limb position.
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The Nativist Approach01:21

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The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
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Related Experiment Video

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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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All our knowledge begins with the antisenses.

Ethan M Goldberg1,2,3,4

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics and.

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
|December 1, 2021
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Summary

Researchers used antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to successfully treat epilepsy and related cognitive issues in a mouse model. This offers hope for developing targeted therapies for SCN2A encephalopathy, a severe neurological disorder.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal brain electrical activity.
  • Genetic variations are increasingly recognized as a cause of epilepsy, particularly epileptic encephalopathies in children.
  • Current genetic advancements in epilepsy diagnosis have not yet led to effective targeted treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) for SCN2A encephalopathy.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of ASO in treating epilepsy and associated comorbidities in a relevant mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mouse model of SCN2A encephalopathy, mimicking a common human epilepsy variant.
  • Administered antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to assess treatment and prevention of seizures.
  • Evaluated ASO effects on cognitive and behavioral comorbidities associated with the condition.

Main Results:

  • Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) demonstrated efficacy in treating and preventing epilepsy in the SCN2A encephalopathy mouse model.
  • ASO treatment also addressed associated cognitive and behavioral impairments.
  • The study validates ASO as a potential therapeutic strategy for this genetic epilepsy.

Conclusions:

  • Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) show promise as a targeted therapy for SCN2A encephalopathy.
  • These findings could pave the way for personalized treatments for currently incurable genetic epilepsy disorders.
  • Further research may translate these findings into clinical applications for patients with SCN2A-related conditions.