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Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

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Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

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Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

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CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

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Cannabinoids and Cancer Chemotherapy-Associated Adverse Effects.

Sara Jane Ward1, Aron H Lichtman2, Daniele Piomelli3

  • 1Department of Neural Sciences, Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cannabis-based therapies show promise for managing chemotherapy side effects like neuropathy and nausea/vomiting. Research explores both plant-derived and synthetic cannabinoids as potential alternatives to current treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Cannabis has a historical use in managing cancer-related symptoms such as pain, nausea, and cachexia.
  • Two cannabis-based drugs, dronabinol and nabilone, are FDA-approved for chemotherapy-induced side effects.
  • Research and societal acceptance of cannabinoids for medical use have significantly advanced.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review preclinical research on cannabinoid-based treatments for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).
  • To discuss plant-derived and synthetic cannabinoid approaches.
  • To compare the potential safety and efficacy of cannabinoids with existing treatments, including opioids.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent preclinical studies on cannabinoids for CIPN and CINV.
  • Analysis of plant-derived and synthetic cannabinoid agents.
  • Comparative assessment of cannabinoids versus current therapeutic options.

Main Results:

  • Preclinical data suggest potential efficacy of cannabinoids in managing CIPN and CINV.
  • Both natural and synthetic cannabinoids are being investigated.
  • Cannabinoids may offer a safety and effectiveness profile comparable to or improved over current treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabinoid-based pharmacotherapies present a promising avenue for managing common chemotherapy adverse effects.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the therapeutic potential and optimal use of cannabinoids in cancer care.
  • Cannabinoids could represent a valuable addition to the supportive care arsenal for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.