[Sarcoidosis with primary presentation as tumour testis].

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Pathology
• Radiology

Background:

• Testicular masses often raise suspicion for malignancy, necessitating thorough diagnostic evaluation.
• Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by granuloma formation, typically affecting the lungs but capable of impacting any organ.
• Testicular involvement in sarcoidosis is exceptionally uncommon, presenting diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

• A 29-year-old male presented with a testicular mass initially suspected to be cancer.
• Histological examination of biopsies revealed granulomatous inflammation, not malignancy.
• Systemic symptoms prompted a PET/CT scan, which indicated sarcoidosis.

Findings:

• The patient's testicular mass was histopathologically confirmed as granulomatous inflammation.
• Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) imaging revealed systemic sarcoidosis.
• The clinical presentation mimicked testicular cancer, highlighting a rare differential diagnosis.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering sarcoidosis in the differential diagnosis of testicular masses, even when cancer is suspected.
• Accurate and timely diagnosis of testicular sarcoidosis is essential to guide appropriate treatment and management strategies.
• Increased awareness of rare presentations of sarcoidosis can improve patient outcomes and reduce misdiagnosis.