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Published on: July 5, 2024
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Cerebellar Ischemia Presenting as Transient Global Amnesia.
Jonathan Morena1, Hera A Kamdar, Amir Adeli
1Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Summary
Cerebellar ischemia, a rare cause of transient global amnesia (TGA), was identified in a patient presenting with acute anterograde amnesia. This case highlights the cerebellum
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroimaging
- Vascular Neurology
Background:
- Transient global amnesia (TGA) is characterized by acute anterograde amnesia, typically resolving within 24 hours.
- Established TGA etiologies include transient ischemia to the hippocampus or thalamus, migraine, venous abnormalities, and epilepsy.
- Cerebellar ischemia has not been previously reported as a cause of TGA.
Observation:
- A 78-year-old woman with diabetes presented with a 3-hour episode of anterograde amnesia, repeatedly asking questions.
- Brain MRI revealed isolated diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintensity at the superior cerebellum and vermis junction.
- Vascular imaging and EEG were unremarkable, excluding other common TGA causes.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with cerebellar ischemia presenting as TGA.
- This diagnosis was supported by the absence of typical TGA triggers like head injury, migraine, or epilepsy.
- The findings align with emerging literature linking the cerebellum to the limbic system and cerebellar hypoperfusion in TGA.
Implications:
- This case suggests cerebellar ischemia as a potential, previously unrecognized cause of TGA.
- It expands the differential diagnosis for TGA, prompting consideration of cerebellar involvement.
- Further research into cerebellar circuit dysfunction in TGA is warranted.
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