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What Do We Really Know About Crew Resource Management in Healthcare?: An Umbrella Review on Crew Resource Management

Martina Buljac-Samardžić1, Connie M Dekker-van Doorn2, M Travis Maynard3

  • 1From the Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management.

Journal of Patient Safety
|December 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Crew Resource Management (CRM) in healthcare shows positive effects on lower-level outcomes but lacks clarity on higher-level impacts and implementation strategies. Further research is needed to fully understand and optimize CRM interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Patient Safety
  • Team Performance

Background:

  • Crew Resource Management (CRM) is increasingly recognized in healthcare.
  • Existing literature reviews on CRM in healthcare exhibit significant heterogeneity.
  • Gaps exist in understanding CRM's definition, outcomes, and implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the Crew Resource Management (CRM) literature in healthcare.
  • To conduct an umbrella review of existing CRM literature reviews.
  • To perform a new comprehensive literature review addressing identified gaps.

Main Methods:

  • An umbrella review identified 16 relevant literature reviews on CRM in healthcare.
  • A subsequent comprehensive literature review analyzed 106 additional articles.
  • The reviews focused on CRM's definition, outcomes, and implementation in healthcare settings.

Main Results:

  • CRM demonstrates positive effects on Kirkpatrick's levels 1, 2, and 3 outcomes.
  • The impact of CRM on level 4 outcomes remains undetermined, including measurement strategies.
  • Recommendations for organizational implementation and embedding of CRM training are inadequately addressed.

Conclusions:

  • The popularity of CRM in healthcare is evident, but research is often narrowly focused.
  • Current research fails to address the full scope of CRM as a team intervention and management concept.
  • Further investigation is required to fully elucidate CRM's effectiveness and application in diverse healthcare contexts.
Abstract

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