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The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
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Embodied Mindfulness Questionnaire: Scale Development and Validation.

Bassam Khoury1, Rodrigo C Vergara2, Isabel Sadowski1

  • 1McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The new Embodied Mindfulness Questionnaire (EMQ) measures mindfulness by integrating the body and mind. This scale assesses five key dimensions, offering a comprehensive approach to embodied mindfulness practice.

Keywords:
embodimentmeditationmind-bodymindfulnessquestionnairescale

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Mindfulness Studies
  • Embodiment Research

Background:

  • Existing mindfulness scales often overlook the integration of embodiment.
  • There is a need for instruments that capture the full spectrum of mind-body connection in mindfulness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate the Embodied Mindfulness Questionnaire (EMQ).
  • To operationalize the concept of "embodied mindfulness" through five distinct dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of EMQ items through expert consultation.
  • Validation of the EMQ through three empirical studies.
  • Assessment of subscale independence, convergent, and discriminant validity.

Main Results:

  • The proposed five subscales of the EMQ were supported by empirical evidence.
  • EMQ subscales demonstrated independence and robust validity.
  • Subscale scores varied in sensitivity to mindfulness training and experience.

Conclusions:

  • The EMQ provides a valid and reliable measure of embodied mindfulness.
  • The findings support the multidimensional nature of embodied mindfulness.
  • The EMQ has implications for research, training, and practice in mindfulness.