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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

1.8K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
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Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

347
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
347
In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
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Meiosis II01:57

Meiosis II

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Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...
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Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although...
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Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

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[Fertility preservation].

Lotte Berdiin Colmorn, Stine Gry Kristensen, Margit Dueholm

  • 1kirsten.louise.tryde.macklon@regionh.dk.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|December 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Fertility preservation is crucial for young women undergoing gonadotoxic treatments like chemotherapy. Options include in vitro fertilization (IVF) for oocyte cryopreservation or ovarian tissue cryopreservation and later transplantation.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Girls and young women undergoing potentially gonadotoxic treatments (e.g., chemotherapy) face risks to their fertility.
  • Fertility preservation offers a way to mitigate these risks and maintain reproductive potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current fertility preservation strategies for young females facing gonadotoxic treatments.
  • To emphasize the importance of pre-treatment fertility counseling for cancer patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fertility preservation techniques.
  • Discussion of factors influencing method selection (age, treatment toxicity, time frame).

Main Results:

  • Two primary fertility preservation methods exist: in vitro fertilization (IVF) for oocyte cryopreservation and ovarian tissue cryopreservation.

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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

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Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation
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Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

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Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation
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  • Method choice depends on patient age, treatment gonadotoxicity, and available time.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fertility preservation should be strongly considered for girls and young women facing gonadotoxic therapies.
    • Referral for fertility preservation counseling before treatment initiation is essential for young cancer patients.