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Related Concept Videos

Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

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Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
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Photosystem I01:27

Photosystem I

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Although structurally similar to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI) is has a different electron supplier and electron acceptor.
Both these photosystems work in concert. An excited electron from PSII is relayed to PSI via an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast, which is comprised of the carrier molecule plastoquinone, the dual-protein cytochrome complex, and plastocyanin. As electrons move between PSII and PSI, they lose energy and must be re-energized...
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Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

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Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
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The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

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The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
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Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

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The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
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Anoxygenic Photosynthesis01:30

Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

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Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Developing Photosensitizer-Cobaloxime Hybrids for Solar-Driven H2 Production in Aqueous Aerobic Conditions
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Bioinspired Artificial Photosynthetic Systems.

Chen Wang1, Michael P O'Hagan1, Bilha Willner1

  • 1Institute of Chemistry, The Minerva Centre for Bio-Hybrid Complex Systems, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial photosynthesis advances mimic natural processes for solar energy conversion. Researchers developed novel systems using photosystems, DNA complexes, and dynamic networks to generate electrical power and green fuels like hydrogen.

Keywords:
electron transfer cascadenucleic acidphotocatalysisphotoinduced electron transferphotosystem

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Area of Science:

  • Artificial photosynthesis
  • Solar energy conversion
  • Green fuel generation

Background:

  • Mimicking natural photosynthesis is a key scientific goal for sustainable energy.
  • Artificial systems offer pathways for efficient solar energy conversion and fuel production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present recent advances in developing artificial photosynthetic systems.
  • To explore novel approaches for solar energy conversion and green fuel generation.

Main Methods:

  • Interfacing native photosystems (PSI and PSII) with electrodes to create photobioelectrochemical cells.
  • Utilizing supramolecular photosensitizer nucleic acid/electron acceptor complexes for photoinduced electron transfer.
  • Integrating artificial photosynthetic modules into dynamic nucleic acid networks.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated light-induced electrical power generation and photocurrents using glucose as fuel.
  • Achieved biocatalyzed generation of NADPH and Pt-nanoparticle-catalyzed hydrogen evolution.
  • Showcased DNA machineries for scaling up photosystems and control over electron transfer reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial photosynthesis systems show significant promise for solar energy conversion and green fuel production.
  • Novel approaches involving photosystems, DNA nanotechnology, and dynamic networks offer versatile platforms for artificial photosynthesis.
  • These advancements pave the way for scalable and controllable artificial photosynthetic solutions.