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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Superatomic Rydberg State Excitation.

Zheng Liu1, Xiaochen Wu1, Yu Zhu1

  • 1Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.

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|December 2, 2021
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Superatomic Rydberg state excitation (SRSE) is feasible in gold superatoms. Their unique superatomic molecular orbitals (SAMOs) enable precise regulation of these Rydberg states, offering new avenues for their preparation and application.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Atomic Physics

Background:

  • Superatomic molecular orbitals (SAMOs) mimic atomic symmetries, enabling atomic-like phenomena in molecular systems.
  • Rydberg state excitations (RSEs) are well-established in atoms but less explored in superatomic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of superatomic Rydberg state excitation (SRSE) in gold superatoms.
  • To explore the role of SAMOs in SRSE and their potential for regulating Rydberg states.

Main Methods:

  • First-principles calculations were employed to study gold superatoms.
  • Analysis of electronic structure, including radial distribution functions of electron density, was performed.

Main Results:

  • SRSE was confirmed to exist in both high and low excited states of gold superatoms.
  • SAMOs significantly contribute to electronic transitions in SRSE.
  • Unoccupied molecular orbitals exhibit characteristics of Rydberg orbitals, with electron density far from the center.
  • Planar SAMOs offer two-dimensional ductility for superior RSE regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Gold superatoms support SRSE, driven by their unique SAMOs.
  • The electronic structure of superatoms allows for effective control and preparation of Rydberg states.
  • This work introduces a novel platform for superatom-based RSE research and applications.