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Fabrication of a multi-layered decellularized amniotic membranes as tissue engineering constructs
Sümeyye Yüksel1, Mehmet Doğan Aşık2, Halil Murat Aydin3
1Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Musculoskeletal System and Regenerative Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Tissue & Cell
|December 2, 2021
Summary
This study developed multilayered amniotic membrane scaffolds for tissue engineering. These novel scaffolds support cell survival and adhesion, offering a promising flexible biomaterial for regenerative medicine.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Decellularization offers advantages over synthetic materials for tissue engineering by providing a 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) with native biomechanical properties.
- Amniotic membranes are proposed for tissue regeneration but are limited by their thinness, hindering their use as 3D matrices.
- A facile fabrication methodology for multilayered amniotic membrane-based tissue constructs is needed to overcome thickness limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a fabrication methodology for multilayered amniotic membrane-based tissue constructs.
- To optimize decellularization protocols for rat amniotic membranes using physical and chemical methods.
- To evaluate the in vitro cell viability, adhesion, and mechanical properties of the fabricated scaffolds.
Main Methods:
- Rat amniotic membranes were decellularized using physical methods (UV exposure, freezing) and chemical methods (hypertonic medium, sodium dodecyl sulfate - SDS).
- Decellularized membranes were sutured to create multilayered 3D scaffolds, with 7 groups including a control.
- Scaffolds were characterized using histological analysis, MTT assay for cytotoxicity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for cell adhesion, and mechanical testing.
Main Results:
- Groups F and G, utilizing combinations of UV, freezing, hypertonic solution, and SDS, showed the most efficient decellularization.
- Scaffolds from groups F and G exhibited good cell viability (G: 81.3%, F: 75.33%) and supported cell adhesion.
- Mechanical testing indicated that the multilayered scaffolds possess flexible properties suitable for handling.
Conclusions:
- Multilayered decellularized amniotic membrane scaffolds effectively support cell survival and adhesion.
- The developed fabrication method overcomes the thickness limitation of native amniotic membranes.
- These scaffolds represent a promising flexible biomaterial for tissue engineering applications.
