Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 11, 2025
07:40
Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
Published on: May 31, 2021
3.5K
Nutritional status in older people - An explorative analysis
Stina Engelheart1, Daniela Andrén2, Dirk Repsilber1
1School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|December 3, 2021
Summary
This study empirically validates a four-domain model of nutritional status in older adults. Findings show interconnectedness across food, health, physical, and cognitive domains, emphasizing a holistic assessment approach for better nutritional status.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Health Sciences
Background:
- Nutritional status is crucial throughout life, especially during illness or disability.
- A theoretical model of nutritional status encompassing four interconnected domains was previously proposed.
- This study empirically investigates indicators within these four domains: Food and nutrition; Health and somatic disorders; Physical function and capacity; and Cognitive, affective, and sensory function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To empirically analyze patterns and relationships of nutritional status indicators within and between four key domains.
- To validate a theoretical model of nutritional status from a functional perspective.
- To explore the bidirectional impact of these domains on nutritional and functional status in older adults.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study followed 69 home health care recipients (aged >65) for three years.
- Nutritional status indicators were assessed annually in participants' homes.
- Correlation and factor analysis were employed to explore patterns and inter-domain relationships due to sample size and variable count.
Main Results:
- Factor analysis identified key components within each of the four domains, explaining significant sample variation (31%-63%) consistently over three years.
- Components across all four domains demonstrated significant correlations with each other (r = -0.34 to 0.79).
- Statistically significant differences in malnutrition, frailty, sarcopenia, and dehydration prevalence were observed based on individual component scores within each domain.
Conclusions:
- Empirical evidence supports the proposed theoretical model, demonstrating relationships between nutritional status indicators within and across the four domains.
- Components in all investigated domains are associated with inadequate nutritional status.
- A comprehensive, multi-domain perspective is essential for effective nutritional status assessment in clinical practice.
More Related Videos
14:39Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
Published on: April 22, 2022
4.0K
06:52Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
Published on: September 30, 2020
10.0K
Related Concept Videos
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
13
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
13
01:27Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
23
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
23
01:00Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution
9
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
9
01:15Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
23
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
23
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
17
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
17
01:22Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
14
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
14