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Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 symptoms in Iran

Mehran Akbari1, Mojtaba Didehdar2, Mohsen Nazari3

  • 1Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Khomein University of Medical sciences, Khomein, 39186, Iran.

Future Virology
|December 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PIMS-TS) cases linked to SARS-CoV-2 require prompt screening and comprehensive treatment. Early intervention with antivirals, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, and IVIG aids recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Emerging evidence links SARS-CoV-2 infection to pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome (PIMS-TS).
  • PIMS-TS presents with diverse symptoms mimicking other pediatric conditions.
  • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for favorable outcomes.

Observation:

  • Two previously healthy boys, aged 3 and 4, presented with prolonged fever (39°C), erythema multiforme, irritability, and refusal to eat.
  • Clinical signs included restlessness, lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis, and abnormal echocardiography findings.
  • Patients received a combination of antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, and intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) therapy.

Findings:

  • Both patients demonstrated significant clinical improvement within 8 days of hospitalization.
  • Laboratory tests normalized, and echocardiographic findings resolved.
  • Successful treatment regimen included antivirals, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, and IVIG.

Implications:

  • This case series highlights the importance of considering PIMS-TS in febrile pediatric patients with relevant symptoms.
  • Screening for SARS-CoV-2 is recommended for pediatric patients presenting with PIMS-TS.
  • A multi-faceted treatment approach, including IVIG, is effective in managing PIMS-TS.

Keywords:
COVID-19IVIGPIMS-TSSARS-CoV-2

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