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Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry01:22

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Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are techniques that use antibodies to check for specific proteins or antigens in a sample. The technique was first published by Albert Coons in 1941 to detect the presence of pneumococcal antigen in tissue sections from mice infected with Pneumococcus. Immunocytochemistry helps localization of proteins or antigens in individual cells like blood cells, stem cells, etc., while immunohistochemistry does the same for tissue samples.
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In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
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Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.
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Enzymatic Immunohistochemistry.

Rodolfo Henrich Lobo1

  • 1Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. RHenrichlobo@uams.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Enzymatic immunohistochemistry detects cell surface proteins using enzyme-labeled antibodies. This technique visualizes antibody-antigen interactions via a colored precipitate for clinical and research applications.

Keywords:
IHCImmunohistochemical labelingImmunohistochemistryImmunoperoxidase

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Medical Laboratory Science

Background:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a vital laboratory method.
  • It is extensively utilized in clinical diagnostics and scientific research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the principles of enzymatic immunohistochemistry.
  • To detail the methods for detecting cell surface proteins and antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes enzyme-labeled antibodies for specific antigen detection.
  • Employs direct or secondary labeling techniques to identify antibody binding sites.
  • Visualizes results through chromogenic detection, forming a colored precipitate.

Main Results:

  • Enzymatic immunohistochemistry enables precise localization of target proteins.
  • The technique provides clear visualization of antibody-antigen complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Enzymatic immunohistochemistry is a versatile and powerful tool.
  • It offers reliable detection and visualization for various biological and medical applications.