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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Molecular physics
  • Atomic, molecular, and optical physics

Background:

  • The photoelectric effect involves electron emission upon light absorption.
  • Nuclear recoil and intramolecular scattering are complex phenomena accompanying electron emission.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for interpreting molecular photoionization processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal and vibrational signatures of nuclear recoil during the photoelectric effect.
  • To model the entangled nuclear and electronic motion in molecular photoionization.
  • To analyze the components contributing to photoelectron emission delay.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an analytical model for the photoionization of the CO molecule from the C-1s orbital.
  • Reproducing the entangled nuclear and electronic motion within the model.
  • Decomposing the photoelectron emission delay into localization and resonant-confinement components.

Main Results:

  • The study illustrates nuclear recoil and intramolecular scattering in CO photoionization.
  • The analytical model successfully reproduces the entangled nuclear and electronic dynamics.
  • Photoelectron emission delay is decomposed into distinct contributing factors.
  • Broadband X-ray pulse photoionization leads to a coherent vibrational ionic state.
  • This ionic state exhibits a delay compared to the sudden-photoemission limit.

Conclusions:

  • The photoelectric effect in molecules is characterized by complex nuclear and electronic interactions.
  • Photoelectron emission delay is a measurable phenomenon with identifiable components.
  • Broadband excitation induces delayed coherent vibrational states in molecular ions.