Self-harm and suicidal behaviour in Ghana: a systematic review protocol.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Mental Health Research
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Self-harm and suicidal behavior are significant global health issues, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Ghana.
• These behaviors contribute substantially to the disease burden in Ghana, necessitating a comprehensive understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize available evidence on self-harm and suicidal behavior in Ghana.
• To identify prevalence estimates, correlates, risk and protective factors, and common methods and reasons for these behaviors.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
• Searches of regional and global electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, PsycINFO) up to December 2021, supplemented by grey literature searches.
• Methodological quality assessment using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (2018), with meta-analysis or narrative synthesis planned.

Main Results:

• The review will synthesize findings on the prevalence, risk factors, protective factors, methods, and reasons for self-harm and suicidal behavior in Ghana.
• Results will be derived from observational and qualitative studies meeting inclusion criteria.

Conclusions:

• This systematic review will provide a comprehensive overview of self-harm and suicidal behavior in Ghana.
• Findings will inform public health strategies and interventions for suicide prevention in the region.
• Dissemination includes peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations, and stakeholder engagement in Ghana.