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Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19 Infection

Maria Ana Trêpa1, António Hipólito Reis2, Mario Oliveira3

  • 1Serviço de Cardiologia. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto; Serviço de Cuidados Intensivos. Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto. Porto; Cardiovascular Research Group. Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar. Universidade do Porto. Porto. Portugal.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|December 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 infection frequently causes cardiovascular complications, including silent myocardial injury and heart failure. These cardiac issues, regardless of presentation, indicate a worse prognosis for patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular complications are frequently reported in patients with COVID-19.
  • Pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors exacerbate adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cardiovascular complications associated with COVID-19.
  • To highlight the diverse clinical presentations and underlying mechanisms of cardiac injury.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of relevant literature was conducted.
  • Analysis focused on the association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular risk factors, complications, and management.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 infection presents with diverse cardiovascular complications, including myocardial injury, acute coronary syndromes, thromboembolism, arrhythmias, and heart failure.
  • Multiple, non-exclusive mechanisms contribute to cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients.
  • Classic cardiovascular risk factors are linked to poorer outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the cardiovascular system is complex and multifaceted.
  • Cardiac complications significantly worsen patient prognosis.
  • Active monitoring and tailored treatment are crucial for patients with COVID-19 and cardiac involvement.
Abstract

Keywords:
ArrhythmiaCOVID-19Heart FailureMyocardial InfarctionPulmonary EmbolismSARS-CoV-2

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